Haddii aad tahay fanaanad suugaan ah oo luqadda Ingiriisiga ah, meelo yar ayaa ka buuxa calaamado muuqaal ah sida London, guriga oo dhan ka yimid Shakespeare iyo Milton ilaa Virginia Woolf iyo TS Eliot. Booqashada suugaaneed ee London waxay ku taalaa meelo badan oo ka mid ah meelaha aad ka wada hadli kartaan halyeeyada suugaanta.
01 Isbarbardhigo Plaques Blue on Tour Tour
Sidaad u aragtay sawirkan socdaalka London (oo si daacadnimo ah u noqon kara waxoogaa ku filan oo ah inaad sameyso hal maalin), waxaad u baahan doontaa inaad fiiriso xayawaannada buluugsan (ama mararka qaarkood) oo ku wareegsan magaalada. Laga soo bilaabo 1867, dabaqyada, oo ah noocyo kala duwan, waxay calaamad u yihiin calaamado la xidhiidha tirooyin siyaasadeed iyo dhaqan.
Waxaad raadin kartaa qoryaha qoraaga ama dabaqyada ee bogga internetka ee Heritage ee ingiriisiga ah, ama kaliya isha ku hay. Meelaha ka mid ah mulkiyada TS Eliot plot oo ku yaal 3 Gardens of Kensington Court, tusaale ahaan, waxaad arki kartaa degaanadii hore ee Ezra Pound (10 Kensington Church Walk), William Makepeace Thackeray (2 Palace Green), iyo James Joyce (28 Campden Grove).
02 Westminster Abbey
Edward oo ahaa aasaasihii shirkadda Edward, 1065, Westminster Abbey wuxuu qabaa xasilooni iyo xabaal ah qof walba oo ka yimid Queen Elizabeth I ilaa Charles Darwin. Inkasta oo kaniisada iyo calaacalayaashu ay qiimeynayaan sahaminta, qorayaashu waxay xajin doonaan geeska Poets 'Corner, oo ku yaala Koonfurta Transept. Halkan waxaad ka heli doontaa xabadaha qorraxda sida Chaucer, Browning, Dickens, iyo Tennyson, iyo sidoo kale xusuus qoraalada Milton, Keats, Shelley, Dylan Thomas, iyo Henry James.
Si aad u hesho Westminster Abbey, waxaad tuubada gee tuubada Westminster ama St. James's Park. Eeg bogga Westminster Abbey liiska saacadaha.
03 Buugaagta Foyle ee "Charter Cross Road"
Laga soo bilaabo Westminster, waa wax sahlan oo loo maro goobta taariikhiga ah ee Charing Cross ee buugaagta Foyle (ama tuubada gawaarida loo maro Tottenham Court Road ama Leicester Square). Waxaa la aasaasay sannadkii 1903 laba walaalo ah oo ku fashilmay imtixaanadii adeegga bulshada - waxayna la yaabeen jawaabta ay u direen xayeysiiska ay ku iibinayaan buugaggooda - Foyle waxay ahayd meeshaan tan iyo 1906. Xeerarka waxaa ku jiray Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, GB Shaw, iyo Walt Disney; waxaa la sheegayaa in Aleister Crowley mar uu ka tirtiray waaxda jilicsan.
Haddii Foyle aanad u harraadin dukaanka buugta, ka raadso dadka kale Charing Cross Road ama ujiraan Hatchards, buugagta ugu da'da weyn ee London, 187 Piccadilly, ama Buugaagta Dauntada, oo leh qurxinta Edwardian, 83-84 Maryleborne High Street.
04 Bloomsbury
Marka la tixgeliyo xaafad qadarin leh, Bloomsbury qeyb weyn ayaa ku leh sumcaddeeda suugaanta ah ee Virginia Stephen - ka dib si ay u noqoto Virginia Woolf - iyo walaasheed, Vanessa, oo sameeyay kooxda Bloomsbury gurigooda 46 Gordon Square.
Woolf iyo ninkeeda, Leonard, kadibna u orday Hogarth Press, taas oo daabacday Wasteland, buugaagta kale, ka baxsan guryahooda Tavistock Square iyo Mecklenburg Square. Lakab loogu talagalay kooxda ayaa lagu dhisay 50 Gordon Square; Woolfalka Virginia Woolf, oo leh magaca gabdhaheeda, waxay ku taalaa 29 Fitzroy Square. TS Eliot wuxuu leeyahay lakabka labaad ee 24 Russell Square.
Waa in la ogaadaa, inkasta oo, Bloomsbury ay noloshii suugaanta haysatey laga soo xigtay Virginia Woolf. Maktabadda ingiriisiga ah waxaa ku yaal makhaayad British ah oo dhowaan ku taala, iyada oo sawirro badan iyo qorayaal badan oo sanado ah, oo ay ku jiraan Karl Marx, Gandhi, iyo George Bernard Shaw. Matxafku wuxuu sii wadi doonaa inuu sii wado qolka hore ee akhriska, miisaskiisa iyo kursigiisa taariikhi ah, inkastoo buugaagta ay u gudbeen goobta St Pancras (oo lagu sharraxay ka dib).
Haddii aad doorbidid inaad taariikhdaada suugaaniga ah la socoto weelka, waa inaad wareejisaa Fitzroy Tavern 16 Charlotte Street, halkaas oo qorayaasha sida Dylan Thomas iyo George Orwell ay soo galaan sanadihii u dhexeeyay Dagaalkii Dunida I iyo II.
Bloomsbury iyo Fitzrovia, oo ah guriga Fitzroy, ayaa ah labada lug ee fudud ee Charing Cross Road. Dhanka kale, tuubo gee tube Goodge Street loogu talagalay Fitzroy, ama Russell Square ama Tottenham Court Road ee Bloomsbury.
05 Dickens House
Ka socota Bloomsbury ilaa Maktabadda Ingiriisiga, taageerayaasha Charles Dickens waxay dooni doonaan inay joojiyaan dhismaha 48 Doughty Street, guriga Charles Dickens 1837 ilaa 1839 iyo hadda matxaf. Halkaan, Dickens wuxuu qoray Oliver Twist wuxuuna dhamaystay warqadaha Pickwick . Wuxuu sheegay in uu yahay gurigii ugu dambeeyey ee London ka soo baxa qoraaga, guriga wuxuu ka kooban yahay daraasaddiisa, qoraalada, alaabtii asalka ahaa iyo waxyaabo kale oo shakhsi ah.
Qaado tuubada Russell Square, Chancery Lane, ama Holborn. Eeg goobta madxafka ee saacadaha iyo kharashka gelitaanka.
06 Maktabadda Ingiriiska
Laga soo bilaabo Matxafka Dickens House, madaxa waqooyiga ilaa 96 Euston Road, meesha Maktabadda Britishka (tuugada King's Cross / St Pancras Station, Xarunta Euston, ama Xarunta Euston), guriga oo ka badan 150 milyan oo walxood, oo ay ku jiraan qoraallada asalka ah ee Jane Austen, Brontë, Lewis Carroll, Angela Carter, iyo James Joyce, iyo kuwo kale. Maktabaddu waxay sidoo kale ka dhigtaa saldhigyada u oggolaanaya inay isticmaalaan nuqullo elektaroonik ah oo nuqulo elektaroonik ah, oo ay ku jiraan Lewis Carroll oo ah Alice's Adventures Underground iyo William Blake's book. Wixii kuwa jecel suugaanta, waxaa jira saacado fiican, nerdy madadaalo ah in ay halkan joogaan.
Faahfaahin dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan hoolka maktabadda, liisaska saacadaha, iyo macluumaadka gaadiidka oo dheeraad ah, fiiri bogga Maktabadda Ingiriiska.
07 Bunhill Fields
Haddii maalinta ay tahay qurux, Bunhill Fields, oo ku yaal degmada Islington - ma ahan mid aad uga fog Maktabadda Ingiriiska - waa u qalantaa booqasho. Ilaa iyo 1854, qabuurahan waxay ahayd goobtii ugu dambaysay ee loogu talagalay dadka aan diiniga ahayn sida Quakers iyo Puritans, oo aan lagu aasay xabaalaha Kaniisadaha ee England. Waxaa la yidhaa "kuwa ka soo horjeeda" Westminster Abbey, "Bunhill Fields waxay heystaan xasuusiyo William Blake iyo Daniel Defoe, iyo sidoo kale xabadka John Bunyan. Dadku waxay sii wadaan inay tagaan warqado iyo ubax William Blake; Dusha sare ee dhagaxa ah waxaa lagu daboolay alwaax. Taageerayaasha Milton waxay doonayaan inay ka soo degaan Bunhill Row, oo xuduud u ah dhinaca galbeed ee qabuuraha: gabaygu wuxuu ku qoray Janno Lost halkaan halkan ku nool.
Marka laga soo tago taariikhda suugaaneed, xayawaannada Bunhill Fields waxay bixiyaan gargaar laga helo magaalooyinka waawayn - iyo meelaha soo jiidashada dalxiiska. Halkan waxa aad u badan tahay inaad ka ogaato shaqaalaha magaalada inay cunaan qadada marka loo eego dalxiisayaasha.
Qaado tuubada Old Street; safarrada ka baxsan xilliga fasaxa ah waa inay ogaadaan in qabuuruhu uu xidhmayo 4:00 galabnimo bilaha dayrta iyo jiilaalka.
08 St. Giles, Cripplegate
Ku-socoshada Barbican ee Bunhill Fields, waxaad ka heli doontaa St. Giles, Cripplegate. Inkastoo kaniisadani ay ahayd 600 oo sano oo kaliya (oo dib loo cusbooneysiiyay ka dib markii uu ahaa 1545 dab iyo dagaalkii labaad ee dunida), nooc ka mid ah kaniisadda ayaa istaagay meeshan muddo ku dhow kun sannadood. Ben Jonson iyo Daniel Defoe ayaa la baabtiisay halkan; Shakespeare iyo John Bunyan labadaba waxaa lagu magacaabaa kaniisadaha. Waxaa sidoo kale jira dhowr dabaaleed kaniisadda John Milton, oo lagu aasay halkan 1674. (Matxafka London ee u dhow waa mid aad u wanaagsan, gaar ahaan kuwa horay u arkay matxafyada waawayn ee London, waxayna rabaan inay wax ka bartaan taariikhda magaalada .)
Si aad u tagto St. Giles, Cripplegate, tuubo u qaado Barbican ama Moorgate.
09 Shakespeare's Globe Theater
Laga soo bilaabo St. Giles, madaxa koonfurta ilaa St. Paul ee ilaa Millennium Bridge. Marka aad u gudubto Thames to Bankside iyo Modern Tate oo ku saabsan Miisaaniyadda Millennium, waxaad arki doontaa taariikhda dhabta ah ee saxda ah ee tiyaatarka ugu muhiimsan ee Elizabethan: Shakespeare's Globe. Filimkii Maraykanku Sam Wanamaker wuxuu maal galiyay dib u dhiska tiyaatarka, kaas oo lagu dhisay goobta goobta tiyaatarka asalka ah 1997. Goobta, bandhigyada waxay sharaxayaan hababka iyo alaabada loo isticmaalo asalka iyo asalka. Taa beddelkeeda, safarada la hagayo waxay bilaabaan 15-30 daqiiqo oo dhan maalinta oo dhan, marka laga reebo xagaaga, marka waxqabadka mattie ay ka hortagaan safarada galabta.
Tenwark Cathedral
Laga soo bilaabo Globe, waxaad ku socotaa bariga koonfureed Bankiga koonfureed ee Southwark Cathedral, kaniisada ugu da'da weyn ee London (qaybo ka mid ah taariikhda cathedral taariikhda qarnigii 12aad). Iyadoo kaniisadda kuugu dhow ee degmada tiyaatarka ugu horeeya ee London, maaha wax la yaab leh in Shakespeare cibaadeysey at Southwark Cathedral. Gudaha waxaa ku yaal xusuusta barkhada, oo la dhisay 1912-kii, iyo kaniisaddu waxay qabataa adeegga dhalashada Shakespeare sanad walba. Sida Bunhill Fields, goobta cathedral waxay bixisaa meel wacan oo lagu nasto dhiirrigelinta magaalada.
Iyo markaad diyaar u tahay, u diyaarso cabitaan cabitaan ama raashin, oo si fudud loo heli karo bangiga koonfureed. Ama, fiiri akhristaha habeenkii ee Waqtiga Dibadda , oo u dejiya si ay u arkaan waxa qoraallada casriga ah ee Ingiriisku ay ka samaysanayaan dhaxalkooda suugaanta.